Experimental Hematology
Volume 37, Issue 6 , Pages 659-672 , June 2009

Detection and treatment of molecular relapse in acute myeloid leukemia with RUNX1 (AML1), CBFB, or MLL gene translocations: Frequent quantitative monitoring of molecular markers in different compartments and correlation with WT1 gene expression

  • Michael Doubek

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Ivo Palasek

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Zdenek Pospisil

      Affiliations

    • Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Marek Borsky

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Martin Klabusay

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Yvona Brychtova

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Tomas Jurcek

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Ivana Jeziskova

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Marta Krejci

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Dana Dvorakova

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • ,
  • Jiri Mayer

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine-Hematooncology, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
    • Corresponding Author InformationOffprint requests to: Jiri Mayer, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Internal Medicine–Hematooncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty of Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic

Received 25 November 2008 ,Revised 26 February 2009 ,Accepted 10 March 2009.

References 

  1. Cheson BD, Bennett JM, Kopecky KJ, et al. Revised recommendations of the International Working Group for Diagnosis, Standardization of Response Criteria, Treatment Outcomes, and Reporting Standards for Therapeutic Trials in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21:4642–4649
  2. Tobal K, Newton J, Macheta M, et al. Molecular quantitation of minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21) can identify patients in durable remission and predict clinical relapse. Blood. 2000;95:815–819
  3. Scholl C, Schlenk RF, Eiwen K, et al. The prognostic value of MLL-AF9 detection in patients with t(9;11)(p22;q23)-positive acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica. 2005;90:1626–1634
  4. Perea G, Lasa A, Aventín A, et al. Prognostic value of minimal residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with favorable cytogenetics [t(8;21) and inv(16)]. Leukemia. 2006;20:87–94
  5. Doubek M, Brychtova Y, Berkovcova J, et al. Acute myeloid leukemias with recurrent genetic abnormalities: frequent assessment of minimal residual disease and treatment of molecular relapse with chemotherapy. Leukemia. 2005;19:885–888
  6. Trka J, Kalinova M, Hrusak O, et al. Real-time quantitative PCR detection of WT1 gene expression in children with AML: prognostic significance, correlation with disease status and residual disease detection by flow cytometry. Leukemia. 2002;16:1381–1389
  7. Østergaard M, Olesen LH, Hasle H, et al. WT1 gene expression: an excellent tool for monitoring minimal residual disease in 70% of acute myeloid leukaemia patients—results from a single-centre study. Br J Haematol. 2004;125:590–600
  8. Weisser M, Kern W, Rauhut S, et al. Prognostic impact of RT-PCR-based quantification of WT1 gene expression during MRD monitoring of acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2005;19:1416–1423
  9. Kim HR, Shin JH, Lee JN, Lee EY. Clinical significance of quantitation of WT1 gene expression for minimal residual disease monitoring of acute myelogenous leukemia. Korean J Lab Med. 2007;27:305–312
  10. Gabert J, Beillard E, van der Velden VHJ, et al. Standardization and quality control studies of real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of fusion gene transcripts for residual disease detection in leukemia—a Europe Against Cancer Program. Leukemia. 2003;17:2318–2357
  11. Beillard E, Pallisgaard N, van der Velden VHJ, et al. Evaluation of candidate control genes for diagnosis and residual disease detection in leukemic patients using real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR)—a Europe Against Cancer Program. Leukemia. 2003;17:2474–2486
  12. Andersson A, Höglund M, Johansson B, et al. Paired multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PMRT-PCR) analysis as a rapid and accurate diagnostic tool for the detection of MLL fusion genes in hematologic malignancies. Leukemia. 2001;15:1293–1300
  13. Kreuzer K-A, Saborowski A, Lupberger J, et al. Fluorescent 5′-exonuclease assay for the absolute quantification of Wilms' tumour gene (WT1) mRNA: implications for monitoring human leukaemias. Br J Haematol. 2001;114:313–318
  14. Boublikova L, Kalinova M, Ryan J, et al. Wilms´tumor gene 1 (WT1) expression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a wide range of WT1 expression levels, its impact on prognosis and minimal residual disease monitoring. Leukemia. 2006;20:254–263
  15. Mehta J, Powles R, Singhal S, et al. Cytokine-mediated immunotherapy with or without donor leukocytes for poor-risk acute myeloid leukemia relapsing after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1995;16:133–137
  16. Raff T, Gökbuget N, Lüschen S, et al. Molecular relapse in adult standard-risk ALL patients detected by prospective MRD monitoring during and after maintenance treatment: data from the GMALL 06/99 and 07/03 trials. Blood. 2007;109:910–915
  17. Wassmann B, Pfeifer H, Stadler M, et al. Early molecular response to posttransplantation imatinib determines outcome in MRD+ Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). Blood. 2005;106:458–463
  18. Lo-Coco F, Cimino G, Breccia M, et al. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) as a single agent for molecularly relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood. 2004;104:1995–1999
  19. Schwarz J, Marková J, Peková S, et al. A single administration of gemtuzumab ozogamicin for molecular relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Hematol J. 2004;5:279–280
  20. Grimwade DJ, Jovanovic J, Hills R, et al. Evaluation of prospective detection of PML-RARA and RARA-PML fusion transcripts by real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) to direct pre-emptive therapy with arsenic trioxide (ATO) in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients treated in the UK MRC AML15 Trial. Blood. 2007;110(Suppl 1):Abstract 541
  21. Schnittger S, Weisser M, Schoch C, et al. New score predicting for prognosis in PML-RARA+, AML1-ETO+, or CBFB-MYH11+ acute myeloid leukemia based on quantification of fusion transcripts. Blood. 2003;102:2746–2755
  22. Viehmann S, Teigler-Schlegel A, Bruch J, et al. Monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RQ-RT-PCR) in childhood acute myeloid leukemia with AML1/ETO rearrangement. Leukemia. 2003;17:1130–1136
  23. Guerrasio A, Pilatrino C, De Micheli D, et al. Assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) in CBFbeta/MYH11-positive acute myeloid leukemias by qualitative and quantitative RT-PCR amplification of fusion transcripts. Leukemia. 2002;16:1176–1181
  24. Schmid C, Labopin M, Nagler A, et al. Donor lymphocyte infusion in the treatment of first hematological relapse after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in adults with acute myeloid leukemia: a retrospective risk factors analysis and comparison with other strategies by the EBMT Acute Leukemia Working Party. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:4938–4945
  25. Büchner T, Hiddemann W, Berdel WE, et al. 6-thioguanine, cytarabine, and daunorubicin (TAD) and high-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone (HAM) for induction, TAD for consolidation, and either prolonged maintenance by reduced monthly TAD or TAD-HAM-TAD and one course of intensive consolidation by sequential HAM in adult patients at all ages with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML): a randomized trial of the German AML Cooperative Group. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21:4496–4504
  26. Yang L, Han Y, Saurez Saiz F, Minden MD. A tumor suppressor and oncogene: the WT1 story. Leukemia. 2007;21:868–876
  27. Maurillo L, Buccisano F, Spagnoli A, et al. Monitoring of minimal residual disease in adult acute myeloid leukemia using peripheral blood as an alternative source to bone marrow. Haematologica. 2007;92:605–611
  28. Bonnet D. Normal and leukaemic stem cells. Br J Haematol. 2005;130:469–479
  29. Bonnet D, Dick JE. Human acute myeloid leukemia is organized as a hierarchy that originates from primitive hematopoietic cells. Nat Med. 1997;3:730–737

PII: S0301-472X(09)00088-5

doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2009.03.004

Experimental Hematology
Volume 37, Issue 6 , Pages 659-672 , June 2009